Formato de los escritos

ARTICLE STRUCTURE

Page 1: Preliminary Section

Title in Spanish
Write the title in Spanish using Times New Roman font, size 16, black color, bold, with 1.15 line spacing and centered. Use upper and lower case letters following universal orthographic rules (avoid excessive capitalization). The title should not exceed 20 words, including subtitles if applicable.

Title in English
Write the title in English (and in Portuguese or Kichwa if required by the original language of the manuscript) using Times New Roman font, size 16, black color, bold, with 1.15 line spacing and centered. Use appropriate capitalization. The title should not exceed 20 words, including subtitles if applicable.

Authorship
Below the title (without an "Authorship" subtitle), list the author(s)' full name(s) and surname(s) in their preferred order [excluding academic titles]. Include institutional affiliation, city, province, country; ORCID [mandatory, with hyperlink], and institutional email. Maximum of 5 (five) authors.

*Mark the corresponding author's email.

Page 2: Abstract

Title in original language
Repeat the Spanish title with the same formatting as on Page 1.

Abstract (original language)
(Label "Abstract" in Times New Roman, size 14, bold)
Write the abstract in a single paragraph (maximum 200 words) using Times New Roman, size 12, black color, justified, without bold, and 1.15 line spacing. It must include: the research problem/objective, methodology, key results, and conclusions.

Keywords
(Label "Keywords" in Times New Roman, size 12, bold)
List up to 5 keywords (simple or compound), preferably from the UNESCO Thesaurus, separated by semicolons (;).

Abstract (English)
(Label "Abstract" in Times New Roman, size 14, bold, 1.15 line spacing)
Provide an English translation of the abstract (and Portuguese/Kichwa if applicable) with the same formatting and word limit as the Spanish version.

Keywords (English)
(Label "Keywords" in Times New Roman, size 12, bold)
List the English (and Portuguese/Kichwa if applicable) keywords following the same rules as above.

Page 3: Main Text

Introduction
(Heading in Times New Roman, size 14, bold)
Write the introduction in Times New Roman, size 12, no bold, 1.15 line spacing, justified.

  • Use paragraph breaks (space before/after paragraphs).

  • Foreign words within the text should be italicized.

  • Subtitles (if used): Times New Roman, size 12, bold, 1.15 line spacing.

Methodology
(Heading in Times New Roman, size 14, bold)
Text formatting as above. Recommended optional subtitles (lowercase, bold):

  • Research type, instruments, variables/dimensions, hypotheses, research questions, population, sample, procedure, etc.
    Note: The list is illustrative; order and inclusion are flexible.

Results and Discussion
(Heading in Times New Roman, size 14, bold)
Text formatting as above. Subtitles may be used if needed.

  • Tables/figures must follow current APA guidelines.
    Structural variants allowed:

  1. Results → Discussion → Conclusions

  2. Results and Discussion → Conclusions

  3. Results → Discussion and Conclusions

Tables
Table 1 (Times New Roman, size 12, bold)
Table title (italic, brief but descriptive, on the line below the table number).

  • Headers: Include column headers; center alignment recommended.

  • Body: Single, 1.5, or double line spacing; center or left-align for readability.

  • Insert tables as text (not images) near their first citation.

  • Note: (Times New Roman, size 10, italic) Use for abbreviations, copyright attribution, or clarifications (optional).

Figures
Figure 1 (Times New Roman, size 12, bold)
Figure title (italic, below the figure number).

  • Caption: Place within figure borders to explain symbols (e.g., "Squares represent gains; circles represent losses").

  • Insert as high-resolution images (JPEG/PNG, 300 dpi) near first citation.

  • Note: (Times New Roman, size 10, italic) Add only if necessary (e.g., abbreviations, copyright).

Conclusions
(Heading in Times New Roman, size 14, bold)
Text formatting as above. May include acknowledgments, research limitations, or future work.

Recommendations
(Optional section)
(Heading in Times New Roman, size 14, bold)
Text formatting as above.

References
(Heading in Times New Roman, size 14, bold)

  • List all cited sources in current APA format (include DOIs if available).

  • Alphabetize by author surname: "Surname, Initial."

  • Double-spaced, with hanging indent (1.27 cm).

  • Author rules:

    • 2–20 authors: Separate by commas; use "&" before the last.

    • 20 authors: List first 19 + "..." + last author.

    • Same author: Order chronologically; use "a," "b," etc., for same-year works.

    • No author: Begin with title.

    • No date: Use "(n.d.)".

  • Highlight references from prior issues of Ecos de la Academia in bold.

Conflict of Interest
Declare any conflicts or state: "The authors declare no conflicts of interest." Disclose personal/circumstantial influences on research interpretation.

Author Contributions
Specify individual contributions using CRediT taxonomy (example):
"Conceptualization, X.X. and Y.Y.; methodology, X.X.; software, X.X.; validation, X.X., Y.Y., and Z.Z.; formal analysis, X.X.; investigation, X.X.; resources, X.X.; data curation, X.X.; writing—original draft, X.X.; writing—review & editing, X.X.; visualization, X.X.; supervision, X.X.; project administration, X.X.; funding acquisition, Y.Y. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript."
Replace initials/roles as needed; use "n/a" where applicable.

See the CRediT taxonomy for an explanation of terms. Authorship should be limited to those who have substantially contributed to the submitted work.

Author Bios
Brief CV for each author (max 250 words per author).

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